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Polymorphism in programming refers to the ability of an object to take on many forms or types. It allows objects of different classes to be treated as objects of a common superclass. This means that a single interface can be used to represent multiple types of objects. Polymorphism enables flexibility and extensibility in programming. It allows different objects to respond to the same method calls in different ways, based on their individual implementation. This allows for code reuse and simplifies the design and implementation of complex systems. There are two main types of polymorphism: Compile-time polymorphism (also known as method overloading): This occurs when there are multiple methods with the same name but different parameters in a single class. The appropriate method to be executed is determined by the compiler based on the arguments passed at compile-time. Runtime polymorphism (also known as method overriding): This occurs when a method in a subclass has the same name and parameters as a method in its superclass. The appropriate method to be executed is determined at runtime based on the type of object being referred to by the superclass reference. Polymorphism is a key concept in object-oriented programming and allows for code that is more flexible, modular, and scalable. It promotes code reusability and makes it easier to manage large and complex codebases.